This is a list of Romanian words believed by some scholars to be of Dacian origin and thus belonging to the Eastern Romance substratum. The list does not include the Dacian plant names, collected by Dioscorides and Pseudo-Apuleius.
The Sources column indicates the linguist(s) or the works who suggested including the words in the list:
The Notes column contains information found in various dictionaries. "Not in current use" indicates words not found in dictionaries of contemporary Romanian.
| Word / Name | English | Sources | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| abeș | ? | Hasdeu, Vraciu | Not in current use. Dacian: *abhesya. |
| Abrud | Abrud | Hasdeu | Place name in Romania. |
| abur | steam, vapour | Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu | Cf. Albanian avull (steam). Dacian: *abhula. PIE: *h2ep-h3ṇ-lo- |
| acăța | to hang, to catch | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin *accaptiāre (to catch) It is difficult to explain the phonetic (pt>t) that gave this derivation from Latin *accaptiāre.[2] The current Romanian form is agăța,acăța that comes from the same mentioned Latin word. Acăț name of acacia tree used in Ardeal region. |
| adămană | Vraciu | Not in current use. | |
| ademeni | to tempt, to lure | Hasdeu | Cf. Hungarian adomány (gift, grant). |
| adia | to breeze gently | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin *adiliare. Current form: adia. |
| aghiuță | devil | Hasdeu | Cf. Greek άγιος ágios (saint). |
| aidoma | alike, identical | Hasdeu | Alternative etymology: from Slavic vidomŭ (visible). |
| alac | Einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum) |
Hasdeu | Cf. Hungarian alakor (possibly from Romanian). Alternative etymology: Latin alica (spelt) Other possible origins: Albanian akuë or Albanian lakër (greenery) of Greek origin. |
| ală | a monster that unleashes storms | Hasdeu | Alternative form: hală; alternative etymology: Bulgarian, Slavic (h)ala |
| aldea | ? | Hasdeu | |
| ameți | to make/get dizzy | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin *ammatteāre (to bludgeon) or *ammitĕre. |
| amurg | twilight, dusk | Russu | See murg below. |
| anina | to hang, to hook | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin *annināre (to swing) or *allevinare. |
| aprig | fiery, hot-blooded | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin aprīcus (warm) or *apricus from aper (wild boar). |
| argea | loom (or particular boards of a loom) | Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu | |
| Argeș | Argeș | Hasdeu | Place name, river name. |
| arunca | to throw, to cast | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin eruncare (to weed out). |
| azugă | ? | Hasdeu | Not in current use (see also Azuga, a town in the Prahova County) |
| baci | (chief) shepherd | Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu | Cf. Hungarian bácsi (uncle). Compare Bulgarian бачо (bacho/bacio). Also Cf. Albanian bacë (father). This word can not be explained by the mentioned languages. Since it is found in all Slavic languages surrounding Romania, it could indicate a Romanian origin, since only Romanian was directly linked to all of them[2] |
| baier, baieră | rope, belt; coin necklace; talisman; bail (handle) | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin baiulus (a porter). |
| baligă | dung, manure | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian bajgë (same meaning). |
| baltă | pool, puddle | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian baltë (mud, soil) and Serbian blato (mud). |
| bară | marsh | Hasdeu | Alternative etymology: Serbian bara (?) |
| Barbă-cot | "Cot" (lit: elbow) represented a unit for measuring length, equal to the length of the average fore-arm; "Barbă" = beard. "Barbă-cot" = dwarf-like fairy-tale character sporting a disproportionately long beard | Hasdeu | |
| barză | stork (Ciconia ciconia) | Hasdeu, Russu, Vraciu, Olteanu | Cf. Albanian barth, feminine bardhë (white). |
| bască | beret | Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.) | |
| batal | wether (castrated ram) | Hasdeu | Alternative etymology: Turkish battal (useless) from Arabic batal (to mutilate), which also gave Spanish baldar (cripple). Also Cf. Albanian batal and Bulgarian батал (useless). |
| bălaur balaur |
dragon, monster | Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu | Cf. Albanian bollë (snake) and Serbian blavor (slowworm). |
| băga | to insert, to thrust | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin *bīgāre, from bis (twice) + *iuga. |
| băiat | boy | Russu | |
| bălan | blond (person), white-haired (animal) | Hasdeu | Ennodius and Procopius both seem to have absorbed the word balan ‘ a piebald horse’ from north of Danube.[3] Alternative etymology: Gothic bala with borrowed forms in Balkan languages (given by Loewe) and in Romance languages (given by Suchier) [4] Slavic bĕlŭ (white) |
| beregată | throat, larynx | Russu | Cf. Serbian berikat (?). Alternative etymology: Latin *verucata, from *veruca. |
| bîr | Sheep (Not in current use), Preserved as interjection, a call for the sheep to come | Vraciu | Albanian berr ‘a sheep’. An archaic word, PIE origin cf. Czech beran ‘ram’, Polish, Ukrainian and Russian baran, dial. Italian bero ‘ram’, dial. French berri ‘ram’, Basque barra, Latin berbex. The Romanian form cannot be borrowed. See also oiţă bîrsană ‘a specific sheep with long and soft fleece’ [5] |
| bîrsă | a piece of wood or iron that binds together the coulter, the share and mouldboard of a plough (the plough beam?) | NODEX[6] | Cf. Albanian vërz (plane (tool)?), Slovenian brdce (piece of wood holding a trawl), and Moravian brdce (piece of wood across the main shaft of a carriage). |
| boare | breeze | Russu | Albanian: borë (snow); Alternative etymology: Latin boreas (the north wind). |
| bordei | (buried or half-buried) hut | Hasdeu, Russu | |
| bortă | hole, hollow, archway | Hasdeu | Cf. Ukrainian bort. |
| brad (archaic form *bradzŭ) |
fir (any tree of genus Abies) | Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Olteanu | Cf. Albanian bradh or bredh (same meaning). |
| brîndușă | crocus, primula (Crocus heuffelianus and other similar flowers) | Russu | Cf. Bulgarian brenduška and Serbian brnduša. |
| brînză | cheese | Hasdeu, Russu, Vraciu | It spawned German de:Brinsenkäse, Slavic ru:брынза,[2][7] and bryndza in Slovak and Polish [2] |
| brîu | belt, waist | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian bres or brezi |
| brusture | bur (large-leafed plant, Lappa) | Russu (Alb.) | |
| bucura (verb) bucuros (adj.) |
(to be) glad, to enjoy | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian zbukuroj (beautify) bukurosh (handsome). |
| buiestru | pace (a horse gait) | Russu | |
| bunget | thick and dark forest | Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu | Cf. Albanian bunk. |
| burghiu | drilling bit | Hasdeu | Alternative etymology: Turkish burgu (gimlet, corkscrew), Serbo-Croatian burgija |
| burlan | spout, water pipe | Russu | Cf. Turkish burgu (pipe, trumpet). |
| burtă | belly, stomach | Russu | Cf. Albanian barku (same meaning). |
| burtucă | ? | Hasdeu | Not in current use. |
| burtuș | ? | Hasdeu | Not in current use. |
| butuc | log, stump | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin *bottum (blunt and snout), Cuman butak (branch), or Turkish buduk (short-legged). Cf. Hungarian butuk. |
| butură | log, stump | Russu | Probably a similar etymology with butuc. |
| buză | lip | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian buzë (same meaning). Similar in Bulgarian but the meaning is shfited into cheek. |
| caier | tuft of wool, etc. to be spun | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin *caiulus. |
| cață | long stick ending with a hook, used by shepherds | Russu | See acăța above. Cf. Albanian cita (weaving sticks) |
| căciulă | brimless hat | Russu (Alb.) | Albanian kësul'ë (same meaning). Similar in Bulgarian, meaning hood. |
| căpușă | tick | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian këpushë (same meaning). |
| căpută | upper side of a foot; footwear covering it | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian këpucë (shoe) or këputë (sole of a foot); Alternative etymology: Slavic kopyto > Romanian copită (hoof), Slavic kopytĭce, Hungarian kapta (last) |
| cătun | hamlet | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian katund (village), Serbian katun (summer pasture). |
| cioară | crow | Hasdeu, Vraciu | Cf. Albanian sorrë (same meaning). |
| cioban | shepherd | Hasdeu | Cf. Turkish çoban (same meaning). |
| cioc | beak | Hasdeu, Vraciu | Cf. Albanian çok (hammer, knuckle). Compare with the Bulgarian word човка (chovka/ciovca) with the same meaning (bill, beak). |
| ciocîrlie | skylark | Hasdeu | Derived from cioc, see above. |
| ciomag | club, cudgel | Hasdeu | Cf. Turkish çomak (same meaning), Cf. Albanian çomage (big hammer) |
| cîrlan | sheep or goat weanling; colt, foal | Russu | |
| cîrlig | hook | Russu | Cf. Bulgarian кърлик kărlik (?). |
| codru | wide old forest | Hasdeu, Vraciu | Alternative etymology: Latin *quodrum (from quadrum (a square), Cf. Albanian koder (hill) |
| copac | tree | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian kopaçe (big piece of wood). |
| copil | child | Russu | Cf. Albanian kopil (bastard), Serbian and Bulgarian kopile (bastard). |
| creț | curly; curly haired | Russu | |
| cruța | to pardon, to spare | Russu (Alb.) | |
| cujbă | Y-shaped piece of wood used to hold the kettle over the fire | Hasdeu | |
| culbec | snail | Hasdeu | Variant: cubelc. |
| curma | to tighten (a rope); to cut, stop | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian kurmue. |
| curpăn | vine, twining stem | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian kurpen (?). |
| cursă | trap, snare | Russu (Alb.), Olteanu | Cf. Albanian kurth (same meaning). |
| custură | blade, knife edge, knife | Russu | Possible etymology: Romanian cuţit (knife) + the suffix tură |
| darari | ? | Russu | Not in current use. |
| daș | ram | Russu (Alb.) | Albanian: dash (same meaning). |
| dărîma | to demolish, to knock down | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian: dërrmoj (same meaning) Alternative etymology: Latin *deramare. |
| deh | ? | Hasdeu | Not in current use. |
| deretica | to tidy up | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin *deradicare (to root out). |
| descăța | to unhook | Russu | des-căța |
| descurca | to disentangle | Russu | Antonym of încurca, see below. |
| desghina | to divide, to separate | Russu | current: dezbina |
| dezbăra | to break from a bad habit, to rid | Russu | |
| dezgauc | ? | Hasdeu | |
| doină | Romanian lyrical folk song | Hasdeu, Vraciu | Cf. Latvian and Lithuanian daina (song, traditional form of Baltic music and poetry). |
| don | ? | Hasdeu | |
| dop | cork, plug | Russu | Cf. Saxon dop. |
| droaie | crowd, large number (of people or animals) | Russu | Cf. Albanian droe or droje (shyness from the crowd ). |
| dulău | mastiff | Hasdeu, Vraciu | Alternative etymology: Polish dolow or dolaw. |
| fărîmă | crumb, fragment | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian thërrime (same meaning). |
| gard | fence | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian gardh (same meaning) and old Slavic gradŭ. |
| gata | ready, done | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian gati (same meaning). |
| gălbează | fascioliasis | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian gëlbazë, këlbazë (phlegm). |
| genune | abyss | Hasdeu, Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin *gyro. |
| gheară | claw, talon | Russu | Alternative etymology: 1. Latin *ungularis (claw, talon) → *înghiare → în ghiare (in [its] claws); 2. Romanian unghioară (small fingernail) → înghiară. Cf. Albanian dorë (arm, clutches, fist, flipper, hand, handful, mitt, palm, quality), darë (nippers, pincers, pinchers), çjerr (clapperclaw, lacerate, scratch, tear up), grric or gervish (scratch) |
| ghes | a poke, a goad | Russu | |
| ghimpe | thorn | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian gjëmp, gjemb (same meaning). |
| ghiob | cheese barrel | Hasdeu | Cf. Hungarian döböny (?). |
| ghionoaie | woodpecker | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian gjon (night bird). |
| ghiont | a nudge, a poke | Russu | |
| ghiuj | old, decrepit man | Hasdeu, Vraciu | Cf. Albanian gjysh (grandfather). |
| gîde | executioner | Hasdeu | |
| gîdel | ? | Hasdeu | |
| gordin | Romanian kind of grapes used in winemaking | Hasdeu | |
| gorun | Sessile oak (Quercus petraea) | Russu | Alternative etymology: Bulgarian горун gorun (same meaning). |
| grapă | harrow | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian grep, gërepë (fishing rod, [its] hook). |
| gresie | sandstone, whetstone | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian gëresë (?). |
| groapă | hole, pit | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian gropë (same meaning). |
| grui | hilltop, hillock | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin *grunnium |
| grumaz | neck | Russu (Alb.), NODEX | Cf. Albanian gurmaz or gërmaz (throat). |
| grunz | a lump of stiff but brittle substance, such as a block of salt | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian grundë (?). |
| gudura | to fawn | Russu | Cf. Albanian gudulis (to tickle); cf. Romanian gâdila (to tickle), cf. Bulgarian гъделичкам (gădelichkam), гъдел ме е (gădel me e) (to tickle)[8] |
| gușă | a bird's crop; double chin, goiter | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian gushë (same meaning, plus Adam's apple), Serbian guša (throat), Bulgarian. Alternative etymology: Latin *geusiae. |
| hojma | repeatedly, continuously | Hasdeu, Vraciu | Alternative etymology: Ukrainian hožma. |
| iazmă | ugly and evil apparition, ghost | Hasdeu | |
| iele | mythological characters (white-clad beautiful girls, bewitching men with their song and dance) | Hasdeu | Euphemism of Romanian word dînsele 'goast', 'soul of the dead' (Latin lemures) [2] See also Cf. Serbian vile (nymphs), Slavic mythology. Alternative etymology: from Romanian ele (feminine form of they). |
| încurca | to entangle, to mix up | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin *incolicare (from colus = distaff). |
| înghina | to assemble, to put together | Russu | Cf. Romanian îmbina. |
| îngurzi | to wrinkle the edge of a fabric or the sole of a shoe with a thread | Russu | |
| înseila | to stitch, to sew temporarily | Russu | Currently preferred form: însăila; alternative etymology: Turkish say (saw or a delicate kind of serge, or woolen cloth).[9] Cf. Serbian šiti (to sew) |
| întrema | to recover after illness or fatigue | Russu | |
| jilț, jielț | tall-backed (arm)chair | Hasdeu, Vraciu | Etymology given for current form jeţ: German Sitz. |
| leagăn | cradle, swing | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin *liginare from ligare (to tie/bind). |
| lepăda | to drop; to take off (clothes) | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin lapidare (to throw stones). Cf. Serbian pada, opada (to drop, to fall). |
| lespede | stone slab | Russu | |
| leșina | to faint | Russu | From Serbian lešina (carcass) |
| mal | shore | Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu | Cf. Albanian mal (mountain).
I- I "mare" II greath II DEX II (Alb.) "madhe" |
| maldac | a small load (of wood, hay, etc.) | Hasdeu | Alternative etymology: Greek mandakis. |
| mazăre | pea (Pisum sativum) | Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu, Olteanu | Cf. Albanian modhë and modhullë. |
| măceș | sweetbrier (Rosa eglanteria) | Russu | |
| mădări | to pamper, to spoil (a child) | Russu | |
| măgură | hill, knoll | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian magulë (same meaning). |
| mălai | millet flour | Hasdeu | After millet was largely replaced by corn, the word changed its meaning into corn flour. |
| mămăligă | cornmeal mush (mămăligă) | Hasdeu | Albanian mëmeligë (same meaning) |
| mărcat | ? | Russu | Not in current use. |
| mătură | broom | Russu (Alb.) | Alternative etymology: Latin matta 'mat' that gave in Italian dialects the followings: "mattore" 'besom' in Lucania, "mattele" 'bundle' in Abruzzo. See also Catalan and Spanish "mata" [2] Serbian metla (broom) |
| Mehadia | Mehadia | Hasdeu | |
| melc | snail | Hasdeu, Russu, Vraciu | |
| mieru | bluish | Russu | |
| mire | bridegroom | Hasdeu, Russu, Vraciu | Cf. Albanian mirë (good). |
| mistreț | wild boar | Russu | Albanian: mistrec (mischievous person). Alternative etymology: Latin *mixticius. |
| mișca | to move, to stir | Russu | |
| mînz | foal, colt | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian mëz (same meaning). It is agreed that the Thracian inscription ΜΕΖΗΝΑΙ (mezēnai, in Greek alphabet) on the Duvanli gold ring means horseman. The PIE root *mend(i)- is thought to mean horse. |
| morman | pile, heap | Russu | |
| mosoc | large shepherd dog | Hasdeu | |
| moș | old man | Russu (Alb.) | Probably a backformation from moașă (midwife); cf. Albanian moshë (age). |
| moț | tuft, crest | Hasdeu | |
| mugure | bud | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian mugull (gemma). |
| munună | hilltop | Russu | |
| murg | dark brown (animal, horse) | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian murg (monk?). |
| mușat | handsome | Russu | |
| năpîrcă | limbless lizard (Anguis fragilis); viper | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian nepërkë, nëpërkë (viper). |
| năsărîmbă | prank, mischief | Hasdeu | |
| nițel | a little | Russu | |
| noian | multitude, heap | Russu | |
| ortoman | rich (of a shepherd); handsome (of an outlaw); quick (of a horse) | Hasdeu | |
| păstaie | pod, capsule, hull | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian pistaë, bishtajë (beans). |
| păstra | to keep | Russu | Alternative etymology: Bulgarian pastrja (?).Yet, Bulgarian "pastrja" seems to come from Romanian [2] |
| pînză | cloth, linen, fabric | Russu | |
| pîrîu | brook, creek | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian përrua (creek, stream); also might be related to Romanian rîu (river, stream) from Latin rivus (stream). |
| prunc | small child | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin *puerunculus (small child). |
| pururea | always, ever | Russu (Alb.) | Alternative etymology: Latin purus (pure, also absolute). |
| rață | duck | Hasdeu, Vraciu | Cf. Albanian rosë (same meaning) and Serbian raca (?). |
| ravac | any of several kinds of wine or must | Hasdeu | Alternative etymology: Turkish ravak (?). |
| răbda | to bide, bear, endure | Russu | |
| reazem | support, backing, prop | Russu | |
| ridica | to raise, lift | Russu | Alternative etymology: Latin eradicare (to uproot). |
| rîmfă | ? | Hasdeu | Not in current use. |
| rînză | gizzard; any of several stomach diseases | Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu | Cf. Albanian rrëndës (rennet). |
| sarbăd (today searbăd) |
insipid | Russu (Alb.), Olteanu | Cf. Albanian tharbët (acrid). Alternative etymology: Latin exalbidus (white). |
| Sarmisegetuza | Sarmizegetusa | Hasdeu | |
| scăpăra | to strike a flintstone (to start a fire) | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian sqepar (small axe for cutting meat) |
| scrum | ashes | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian shkrum, shkrumb (same meaning). Bulgarian скрум. |
| scula | to get up, to wake | Russu (Alb.) | Albanian shkul (uproot) Alternative etymology: *excubulare (to get up, wake). |
| scurma | to scrape or dig (with snout, claws, beak, tools) | Russu | Alternative etymology: *excorrimare (?). |
| sîmbure | pit (fruit kernel) | Russu (Alb.), NODEX, Olteanu | Cf. Albanian sumbull or thumbull (?). |
| sîmvea | (?) | Hasdeu | |
| spînz | hellebore | Russu (Alb.) | Alternative etymology: 1) Cf. Armenian osindr (absinth) < ancient ospindr, derived from a root spind ‘glow, burn’[10] 2) Slavic spreji (?). |
| stăpîn | master, owner | Hasdeu, Vraciu | Alternative etymology: Slavic stopanŭ (same meaning) It seems that the Slavic word had been borrowed either from Albanian or from Romanian [2] |
| strănut, strenut, stărnut | with a white spot on nose (about animals) | Russu | |
| stejar | oak | Hasdeu, Vraciu | Alternative etymology: Old Slavonic stežerŭ "stick" cf. Bulgarian stožar 'stick, wood', Sb., Cr. stežer "trunk" (> steajer) stožer "spindle tree" [2] Bulgarian стежер (stejer) (?). |
| steregie | icicle-shaped soot concretion in chimneys | Russu | |
| sterp | sterile, infertile | Russu (Alb.) | Albanian: shterp (same meaning). |
| stînă | sheep fold | Hasdeu, Vraciu, NODEX | |
| străghiată | storm | Russu | Cf. Albanian shtrëngatë (same meaning). |
| strepede | larva living in foodstuff (Piophila casei) | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian shtrep (cheese-worm). |
| strugure | grape | Russu, NODEX | |
| strungă | place for milking sheep; narrow passage, canyon | Russu (Alb.), NODEX | Cf. Albanian shtrungë (sheep-pen; passage). |
| sugruma | to strangle, to burke | Russu | From sub (under) and grumaz (throat, see above). |
| sugușa | to strangle, to burke | Russu | From sub (under) and guşă (goiter, see above). |
| șale | hips | Russu (Alb.) | Cf Albanian shale (thigh), Alternative etymology: Latin sella (seat). |
| șiră | spine | Hasdeu, Russu | |
| șopîrlă | lizard | Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu | |
| șoric | pig skin | Russu | |
| șut | hornless | Russu (Alb.) | Albanian: shyt (same meaning) |
| tare | hard | Russu | |
| traistă | bag | Hasdeu | Albanian trastë, trajstë (same meaning), cf. Romanian synonym straiţă and Albanian strajcë |
| tulei | (young) whiskers | Hasdeu | |
| țap | he-goat | Russu (Alb.) | Albanian: cjap (ibex, billy-goat) |
| țarc | pen, fold (fenced enclosure for animals) | Russu (Alb.), Olteanu | Cf. Albanian cark or thark (enclosure for animals). |
| țarină | country | Russu | |
| țăruș | pole, pale, picket | Russu | |
| țîmburuș (today țumburuș) |
a small, usually round, protrusion on a surface, nub | Olteanu | Cf. Albanian thumbullë (pin; small nail) and cf. Romanian sâmbure. |
| țundră | . | Hasdeu | |
| țurcă | traditional Romanian game | Hasdeu | |
| (a se/ a) uita | respectively: to look, to forget | Russu | Altern. etym. Latin *oblitare (to forget). |
| undrea | sewing needle | Russu | current form: andrea |
| urca | climb | Russu | |
| urcior | eyesore | Russu | Altern. etym. hordeolus (eyesore). |
| urdă | cottage cheese | Hasdeu, Russu, Vraciu | |
| urdina | . | Russu | Altern. etym. Latin ordinare (to set in order). |
| urdoare | Gelatinous ocular secretion | Russu | Altern. etym. Latin *horridor (rough, horrible). |
| vatră | hearth, home, fireplace | Hasdeu, Russu (Alb). | Albanian vatre (fireplace) (Vraciu), Serbian vatra (fire) |
| vătăma | to hurt, to injure | Russu | Altern. etym. Latin victimare (to sacrifice). |
| vătui | one year old kid (goat & doe); hare | Russu (Alb.) | Latin vitellus (a little calf). |
| viezure (archaic form viedzure) |
badger | Russu (Alb.), Olteanu | Cf. Albanian vjedhullë (the thief, from the verb vjeth, to steal). |
| viscol | blizzard | Russu | |
| zară | buttermilk | Russu | Albanian dhallë (same meaning), cf. Romanian zăr, zer below |
| zăr (today zer) |
whey | Russu, Olteanu | Cf. Albanian dhallë (sour milk, diluted yogurt). |
| zburda | jump around, prance, frolic | Russu | |
| zestre | wedding gift, or wealth | Russu. | Altern. etym. 1) Latin dextrae 2) Bulgarian зестра (zestra) that comes from Romanian [2] |
| zgardă | collar | Russu (Alb.) | Cf. Albanian shkardhë (leash) |
| zgîria | scratch | Russu (Alb.?) | Altern. etym. Latin *scaberare < scaber (itchy) |
| zgîrma | scratch (searching for something) | Russu | cf. Romanian scurma above |
| zîmbru, zâmbru | a coniferous tree, Pinus cembra | Hasdeu, Vraciu | (zimbru is a different word, meaning bufalo, i.e., Bison bonasus) |
| zîrnă, zârnă | black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) | Hasdeu | Altern. etym. Old Slavic zrŭno'grain' |
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